植物和虫表现出基因组进化的独特特征,尽管它们具有相似的繁殖模式
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 11, 2023
概括
虫基因组显示出独特的X染色体进化,与相关物种不同. 这项研究揭示了葡萄植物,一个虫的亲戚,不分享这些独特的染色体模式,挑战进化假设.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进行比较的基因组学.
背景情况:
- 虫 (虫家族) 在它们的XO性别决定系统中表现出不寻常的X染色体进化,其特点是与自体相比,重新排列率较低,非同义进化速度更快.
- 这与其他半球系血统形成鲜明对比,其中自体和X染色体显示出类似的重排率.
- 循环生,一个涉及无性和性世代的生命周期,已被提出为这些虫特异性基因组模式的驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Phylloxeridae是否 Phylloxeridae,虫的外组也经历循环生,共享在虫中观察到的独特的染色体进化模式.
- 为了生成葡萄花 (Phylloxeridae) 的染色体级基因组组合,以促进对比基因组分析.
主要方法:
- 产生了葡萄花菌的染色体级基因组组.
- 进行了合成基因分析,将花草基因组与30种高质量的虫和其他半动物基因组进行比较.
- 在绝对时间尺度上估计的染色体间重新排列率.
主要成果:
- 葡萄植物的基因组不表现出与虫相同的染色体进化模式;它的染色体间重排率在X染色体和自体之间没有差异.
- 与X染色体相比,虫自体显示出高的染色体间重新排列率,而这种模式在花虫中没有发现.
- 分析揭示了草进化中的基因重复模式和水平基因转移事件,可能与男性的X染色体基因含量选择有关.
结论:
- 在虫中观察到的独特的染色体进化并不是周期性产生的昆虫的一般特征,这表明虫特定的因素参与其中.
- 在性生殖过程中,男性的X染色体上的选择可能在虫中保护X染色体基因含量方面发挥作用.
- 横向的基因转移有助于葡萄植物基因组的进化轨迹.
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