在日常生活中婴儿的安置和语言暴露
Lauren Malachowski1, Virginia C Salo1, Amy Work Needham1
1Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University.
Infant and child development
|September 11, 2023
概括
婴儿的位置与语言接触有关. 支持独立性的婴儿座椅与较少的成年人发言有关,影响了早期语言发展的机会.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童语言的获取儿童语言的获取
- 幼儿教育 儿童早期教育
背景情况:
- 婴儿的环境对他们的发育轨迹有很大的影响.
- 了解影响早期语言接触的因素对于认知发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查婴儿身体位置与接触成年人的言语之间的联系.
- 为了确定独立支持的安置是否会影响成年语音婴儿听到的数量和一致性.
主要方法:
- 使用重复调查对母亲的采样和连续的音频录音.
- 分析了来自美国东南部的60名4-6个月龄的婴儿的数据.
- 雇佣主体内和主体间的分析来检查安置效应.
主要成果:
- 支持独立性的安置与减少成人立即接触文字的相关性.
- 婴儿在支持姿势,促进独立的座位 (例如,运动盘) 听到的单词较少,说话不太一致.
- 物理背景显著缓和婴儿的现实世界的语言暴露.
结论:
- 直接的物理背景,特别是婴儿的安置,影响语言学习机会.
- 促进婴儿独立的环境可能无意中限制了关键的语音暴露.
- 进一步的研究应该探索优化婴儿环境的语言丰富的互动.
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
394
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
394
01:21The Nativist Approach
88
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
88
01:27Language and Cognition
373
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
373
01:20Attachment
90
Attachment is vital for infant development, as warm social interactions support growth and well-being. In a classic 1958 study by Harry Harlow, the significance of warmth and comfort in forming attachments was examined. Harlow separated newborn monkeys from their mothers and provided two artificial "mothers": one made of cold wire and the other covered in soft cloth. Despite the wire mother offering food, the infant monkeys preferred the comfort of the cloth mother, demonstrating that...
90
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
84
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
84
01:22Imprinting
9.8K
Behavioral imprinting is observed in some newborn animals and occurs when they develop strong and specific attachments to another animal (usually a parent) following brief, early-life exposures. Offspring imprint onto parents within a brief period after birth or hatching; this time window is called the critical period. Once imprinting occurs, the bond established between the parents and their offspring is usually long-lasting.
9.8K