多维气候的保守主义和Phenacoccus solenopsis的入侵风险
Hui-Sheng Zhang1, Lin Xu1, Wei-Wei Lyu1
1College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China.
Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology
|September 11, 2023
概括
棉花虫 (Phenacoccus solenopsis) 在侵袭性地区表现出显著的缩,表明气候适应能力降低. 种类分布模型适用于评估其入侵风险,预测未来息地扩张有限.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 生物地理学是生物地理学.
背景情况:
- 棉花虫 (Phenacoccus solenopsis) 是一个严重的入侵性害虫,威胁着中国的农业和林业部门.
- 生态利基模型对于评估入侵风险至关重要,但它们的适用性和优化需要评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估生态利基模型的适用性,以评估棉花的入侵风险.
- 优化MaxEnt模型参数,在当前和未来的气候场景下预测入侵风险.
- 为了测试Phenacoccus solenopsis的利基保护主义假设.
主要方法:
- 利用706个发生记录和生物气候变量进行n维超体积利基分析.
- 在本地和入侵地区量化气候利基超量,以评估利基保守主义.
- 优化了MaxEnt模型参数 (特征组合,正规化乘数) 以准确预测风险.
主要成果:
- 四个主要的气候变量影响棉花虫分布:年平均温度,最潮湿/最热季度的平均温度,最干燥季度的降水量.
- 与原生区域 (40.43) 相比,入侵区域 (6.04) 的利基超量显著减少,利基收缩解释了98.8%的差异化.
- 优化的MaxEnt参数 (线性-正方形-链-产物,正规化乘数为0.5) 提高了模型可靠性.
- 合适的息地集中在河 - 青林山脉线以南;未来的息地增加是最小的 (≤1.7%).
结论:
- Phenacoccus solenopsis的多维气候是高度保守的,验证了使用物种分布模型进行入侵风险评估.
- 显著的利基收缩,而不是利基转移,是其入侵的特征,这表明在新环境中适应能力有限.
- 预计这种害虫将向北扩散,气候变化对其整体适合息地扩张的影响很小.
相关概念视频
Ecological Niches
23.8K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
23.8K
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
13.1K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
13.1K
Frequency-dependent Selection
22.1K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
22.1K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.4K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.4K
Diversity of Protists II
38
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
38
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.7K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.7K


