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[土地利用和气候变化对农牧生态圈生态系统服务的影响]
Wen-Bin Xu1,2, Liang-Yi Rao1,2
1School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue
|September 12, 2023
概括
中国农牧生态中的生态系统服务正在发生变化. 气候变化影响水产和防风服务,而土地利用变化影响土壤保留,突出了有针对性的保护战略的需要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 土地利用和气候变化显著改变生态系统服务 (ESS).
- 了解这些驱动因素对于ES管理至关重要,尤其是在农牧生态环境中.
- 奈曼班纳是中国典型的农牧生态地带,在ES评估方面面临着挑战.
研究的目的:
- 量化水产,土壤保留和防风/防沙固定ESs的变化.
- 确定这些ES变化的主要驱动因素 (土地利用和气候变化).
- 分析ES在研究区域的空间差异化和相互关系.
主要方法:
- 使用了InVEST模型,修订的风侵蚀方程 (RWEQ) 和修订的普世土壤损失方程 (RUSLE).
- 计算了2005年和2015年的水产,土壤保留和防风/砂固定.
- 雇员缴费率公式,皮尔森相关性和影响分析的地质探测器方法.
主要成果:
- 水产和土壤保留分别增加了22.41%和6.74%,风口/沙固定从2005年到2015年减少了66.24%.
- 气候变化主要影响了水产和防风/沙子固定.
- 土地利用变化是土壤保留变化的主要驱动因素;实际的蒸发和土地利用变化显著影响了水产空间差异.
结论:
- 气候变化和土地使用动态是塑造农牧生态环境中的生态系统服务的关键因素.
- 建议有针对性的土地管理,包括增加草原,优化牧场实践和实施节水灌.
- 持续关注生态保护对于这些敏感地区的可持续发展至关重要.
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