以前的免疫力塑造了对SARS-CoV-2增强疫苗接种和Omicron突破感染风险的免疫反应
Laura Pérez-Alós1, Cecilie Bo Hansen2, Jose Juan Almagro Armenteros3
1Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. laura.perez.alos@regionh.dk.
Nature communications
|September 12, 2023
概括
混合免疫,结合感染和接种疫苗,增强SARS-CoV-2的免疫反应,特别是IgA. 强大的抗体水平是防止再感染的关键,特别是在Omicron变种.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 的免疫反应是复杂的,并且有很大的差异.
- 疫苗接种后观察到免疫印记和易受感染/再感染的情况,特别是对Omicron疫苗.
研究的目的:
- 在接种BNT162b2疫苗后调查SARS-CoV-2免疫反应 (IgG,IgA,中和抗体,T细胞).
- 检查先前感染和接种疫苗对免疫印记和Omicron突破感染的影响.
主要方法:
- 对1,325名 (955名未感染) 个体的幽默和细胞免疫反应的分析.
- 在接种BNT162b2疫苗三剂之前和之后对免疫反应的评估.
- 免疫反应与突破和Omicron再感染的相关性.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种反应在先前感染的个体中高于未感染的个体.
- 之前的病毒暴露对强大的IgA反应至关重要.
- 疫苗接种后较低的IgG,IgA和中和抗体水平与更高的再感染风险相关.
- 观察到免疫印记,与初级Omicron感染相比,Omicron再感染抑制了反应.
结论:
- 混合免疫显著提高免疫反应,特别是IgA,即使在再接种疫苗后.
- 强大的幽默免疫力对于预防未来的SARS-CoV-2感染至关重要.
- 了解免疫印记对于疫苗开发和公共卫生战略至关重要.
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