在环境储存温度下,猪泥有机物转化和甲基生成
Frederik Rask Dalby1, Herald Wilson Ambrose1, Jan Struckmann Poulsen2
1Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Journal of environmental quality
|September 13, 2023
概括
肥料管理对甲排放有很大影响. 这项研究发现,原始蛋白质水解驱动甲生产,其速度随温度增加,为排放模型提供信息.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
背景情况:
- 肥料管理是全球甲 (CH4) 排放的主要来源.
- 了解肥料有机物的水解速率对于预测CH4排放至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计不同肥料有机物成分 (原蛋白,纤维,脂质) 的水解速率常数.
- 用阿雷尼乌斯方程来确定这些水解速率的温度依赖性.
- 为了将这些速率与甲排放,稳定的同位素比率和甲素社区转移相关联.
主要方法:
- 在四种温度下 (10°C,15°C,20°C,25°C) 在85天内化新鲜的猪.
- 测量水解速率,累积的甲排放,13/12C同位素比率和甲素社区组成.
- 应用Arrhenius方程来模拟温度对水解的影响.
主要成果:
- 半纤维素和纤维素的水解速率与温度相比,与原始蛋白质相比,随温度而增加.
- 粗蛋白在所有测试温度中表现出最高的水解率,这表明该分数内的可降解性不同.
- 在实验条件下,脂质和素没有被水解.
- 累积的甲排放量随温度显著增加,从10°C的7.13gCH4kgVS−1到25°C的105.7gCH4kgVS−1不等.
- 在更高的温度下,甲产生的群体从Methanosphaera转移到Methanocorpusculum的速度更快.
结论:
- 原蛋白是影响猪的甲生产的关键基质.
- 温度显著影响有机物的水解速度和随后的甲排放.
- 这些发现为机械化甲排放模型提供了关键参数,强调了需要对快速降解的蛋白池进行表征的需要.
相关概念视频
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
55
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
55
01:15Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
40
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
40
01:20Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
8.1K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
8.1K