老年人的吞表现:相关的认知,神经解剖学和人口因素
K L Bindels1,2, M C Verhoeff1,2, N Su2,3
1Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of oral rehabilitation
|September 14, 2023
概括
年龄较大的女性有较薄的右上边脊髓皮质,吞能力较差. 大脑结构的差异,特别是皮质体积,在认知障碍和没有认知障碍的人之间更为明显.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 语音和听力科学 语言和听力科学
背景情况:
- 吞困难在老年人中很常见,特别是那些认知障碍 (CI) 患者.
- 大脑在认知和吞中的作用已经确立,但影响老年人吞的因素需要进一步调查.
- 磁共振成像 (MRI) 已经确定了与吞相关的大脑区域,但全面的理解仍然不完整.
研究的目的:
- 调查与老年人吞性能相关的因素,包括认知功能,神经解剖学特征 (皮层厚度,区域大脑体积) 和人口统计数据.
- 确定认知障碍 (CI) 患者和没有认知障碍 (CI) 患者之间是否存在神经解剖学差异.
主要方法:
- 包括15名CI患者 (平均年龄73.1岁) 和48名没有CI的对照 (平均年龄69.0岁).
- 使用重复的唾液吞测试 (RSST) 来评估吞性能.
- 获得的磁共振成像 (MRI) 扫描用于神经解剖学分析.
主要成果:
- 在右上边缘环中皮层较薄,女性与更好的吞性能 (更高的RSST分数) 有积极的关联.
- 年龄的增加与吞性能有负面关联.
- 在这个队列中,认知障碍 (CI) 与吞性能没有显著的关联.
- 与皮层厚度差异相比,在CI和无CI的个体之间更频繁地观察到皮层体积差异.
结论:
- 老年人的吞性能较差与右上边缘环皮层较薄以及女性年龄较大有关.
- 皮质体积是比皮质厚度更敏感的认知障碍和没有认知障碍的个体之间的差异指标.
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