在患有COVID-19的患者中,细胞外囊泡和内类药物信号传递
Florian Brandes1, Annekathrin M Keiler2, Benedikt Kirchner3
1Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Cannabis and cannabinoid research
|September 15, 2023
概括
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在COVID-19患者中运输内分泌素,其水平与疾病严重程度相关. 这些EV还携带着调节免疫细胞内内可纳米素信号通路的微RNA.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 内大麻素具有免疫调节特性,但它们在COVID-19中的作用和调节尚不清楚.
- 脂性内可纳素需要跨越生物障碍的运输机制,细胞外囊泡 (EV) 是潜在的载体.
- 了解通过EVs传输的内分泌大麻素对于理解它们在COVID-19病变发生中的功能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19患者的EV中调查内可纳素的存在和度.
- 探索与EV相关的内分泌大麻素和疾病严重程度之间的关系.
- 阐明EV衍生微RNAs (miRNAs) 在调节COVID-19期间免疫细胞内内可纳米素信号通路中的作用.
主要方法:
- 从COVID-19患者的EV和血中对内分泌素 (安纳米德,2-AG,SEA,PEA,OEA) 的量化.
- RNA测序用于识别EV-miRNAs和血液细胞mRNA转录,用于信号网络建设.
- 分析了EV-内分类素水平,疾病严重程度和miRNA表达之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 除了安纳米德外,内大麻素度在EV中明显高于血,并且随着COVID-19的严重程度而增加.
- 特定的EV-miRNAs (miR-146a-5p,miR-199a-5p,miR-370-5p,miR-30c-5p,miR-26a-5p) 与与内分泌素相关的基因 (CNR2,MGLL,CNR1,FAAH) 的调节有关.
- 内分类素信号传递影响了免疫细胞中的免疫活性分子,包括VEGFA,GNAI2,IGF1,BDNF和CREB1.
结论:
- 在COVID-19中,EVs作为免疫功能性内大麻素和调节性miRNA的载体.
- 这种EV介导的通信机制微调受体免疫细胞中的内分泌大麻素信号传递和新陈代谢.
- 这些发现提供了关于COVID-19中细胞间通信和免疫调节的新途径的见解.
相关概念视频
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids
305
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
305
Overview of Exosomes
2.7K
Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
2.7K
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
6.2K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
6.2K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
3.6K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.6K
CNS Stimulants: Cocaine, Amphetamines and Cannabinoids
230
CNS stimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamines, and cannabinoids, have varying structures and mechanisms of action that lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Cocaine, with its molecular formula C17H21NO4, is a tropane alkaloid and a tertiary amino compound. It has two chemical forms: the hydrochloride salt and the "freebase." The former is in powder form, while the latter involves removing the hydrochloride salt to create a form that can be smoked. Cocaine exerts its...
230
Types of Signaling Molecules
10.3K
In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
10.3K


