在有或没有发育性语言障碍的学前儿童中,与词汇和形态语法相关的非语言执行功能
Emma Everaert1,2, Tessel Boerma1,2, Iris Selten1,2
1Institute for Language Sciences, Utrecht University, Trans 10, the Netherlands.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|September 15, 2023
概括
发展性语言障碍 (DLD) 的学前儿童在非语言执行功能 (EF) 中表现出障碍. 在DLD儿童中,非语言EF和形态表述能力是相关的,这表明了潜在的干预目标.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 标志着持续的语言困难.
- 患有DLD的儿童经常表现出执行功能 (EF) 的同时出现的缺陷.
- 在DLD中非语言EF受到影响的程度及其与语言障碍的关系受到辩论.
研究的目的:
- 将学龄前儿童的非语言执行功能 (EF) 与DLD和典型发展 (TD) 同龄人进行比较.
- 调查非语言EF与儿童语言能力 (词汇,形态表达) 之间的关系.
- 确定DLD诊断是否能缓和EF与语言技能之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 年龄在3至6.5岁之间的143名荷兰语幼儿园儿童 (65名DLD,78名TD) 参加了这次活动.
- 非语言EF通过视觉注意力,视觉空间记忆和广泛的EF任务来评估.
- 从标准化测试中创建了EF,词汇和形态语法的潜在变量.
主要成果:
- 与TD同龄人相比,患有DLD的儿童在所有非语言EF任务上表现明显差.
- 在这两组中,非语言EF能力与形态合成有关.
- 只有在TD组中观察到词汇和EF之间的联系;DLD没有调节这些关系.
结论:
- 患有DLD的学前儿童表现出非语言EF障碍.
- 在患有DLD的儿童中,非语言EF和形态表述之间存在显著的关系.
- 研究结果支持针对DLD的EF和语言进行有针对性的干预,并可能提高预后准确性.
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