将语言与行动联系起来:在语言刺激中提高学龄前儿童的沟通能力
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, St. John's University, Jamaica, NY.
Language, speech, and hearing services in schools
|September 15, 2023
概括
与传统的基于玩具的方法相比,基于粘土的语言刺激显著改善了学龄前儿童的词汇,语法和务实技能. 这种多感官方法增强了早期的沟通和学校准备.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 语言学的语言学.
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童早期的词汇和语法技能是学业成功的关键预测因素,包括阅读理解能力.
- 通过多感官,玩和对话方式增强早期沟通对于学校的准备至关重要.
- 幼儿园儿童在进入学校时表现出语言技能的显著变化,需要有效的早期干预策略.
研究的目的:
- 调查通过基于多感官粘土的语言刺激建立的语言与行动的联系是否能改善学龄前儿童的词汇,语法和务实能力.
- 为了比较基于粘土的语言刺激与传统的基于玩具的语言刺激在增强沟通技能的有效性.
- 确定开放式材料与预制玩具对早期语言发展的影响.
主要方法:
- 采用前后测试设计,对43名典型发展的学龄前儿童 (年龄为3-5岁) 进行了测试.
- 参与者被随机分配为基于粘土 (n=24) 或基于传统玩具 (n=19) 的语言刺激,持续8周.
- 评估了语言技能,包括感受/表达词汇,平均发言长度 (MLU) 和对话启动.
主要成果:
- 在粘土条件下的参与者在接受和表达词汇,平均发言长度 (MLU) 和对话启动方面表现出显著的改善.
- 在传统的基于游戏的 (玩具) 刺激组中没有观察到显著的语言技能增长.
- 基于粘土的方法通过动手,逐步的对象制作,促进了增强的语言输入和输出.
结论:
- 使用像粘土这样的开放式材料建立语言与行动的联系,可以比预制玩具更有效地提高学龄前儿童的沟通能力.
- 基于粘土的刺激显示了初步承诺,以改善受感/表达词汇,语法 (MLU) 和实用性 (对话启动).
- 这种方法提供了一种促进早期语言发展和学校准备的新方法.
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