在青少年时期,神经机制是信任朋友,社区成员和未知的同龄人的基础
Sophie W Sweijen1,2, Suzanne van de Groep1, Lysanne W Te Brinke1
1Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of cognitive neuroscience
|September 15, 2023
概括
青少年最信任朋友,其次是社区成员,然后是陌生人. 脑部扫描显示了在青春期对不同社会目标的信任决策的独特神经活动模式.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 信任对于青少年的社会发展至关重要,但它对各种社会目标的差异化仍未得到充分研究.
- 之前的研究集中在对亲密同行和未知同行的信任上,忽视了社会目标.
- 了解青少年信任的神经基础对于理解社会融合至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究青少年对亲密朋友,社会成员和未知同龄人的信任决定背后的神经机制.
- 检查年龄如何影响信任的发展及其神经相关性.
- 探索信任行为和个人对感觉需要或有用的差异之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项预先注册的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究.
- 106名参与者 (年龄在12-23岁) 进行了修改后的信任游戏.
- 信任的决定是针对三个目标类型的:朋友,社区成员和未知的同行.
主要成果:
- 青少年表现出明确的信任等级:对朋友最信任,对社区成员更信任,对未知的同龄人更信任.
- 社交大脑区域 (mPFC,OFC,precuneus,TPJ) 中的神经活动差异化信任目标.
- 与年龄相关的中部前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 活动增加,以及感觉需要/有用.
结论:
- 青少年的信任行为是微妙的,区分近亲,社会和未知的目标.
- 涉及精神化,奖励和认知控制区域的神经机制是这种差异化的基础.
- 这些发现突出了社会信任的发展轨迹及其在青春期的神经支.
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