在智利的Ceftazidime-avibactam对格拉姆阴性菌株的体外活性 2015-2021年
Luis C Torres-Castillo1, Cecil Fandiño1, María-Paz Ramos1
1Medical Affairs, Pfizer Andean Cluster, Santiago, Chile.
Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
|September 15, 2023
概括
在智利的医院中,Ceftazidime-avibactam在试验室中显示出高的疗效,对抗多药耐药的格兰氏阴性细菌,包括Enterobacterales和P. aeruginosa. 这种抗生素对具有挑战性的感染具有显著的活性,例如耐卡巴胺的肠道细菌 (CRE) 和扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 生产者.
科学领域:
- 临床微生物学和传染病.
- 抗微生物药物耐药性的监测监测
- 药理学和药物的疗效.
背景情况:
- 耐多药性 (MDR) 格拉姆阴性细菌,特别是肠杆菌和 Pseudomonas aeruginosa,对公众健康构成重大威胁.
- 塞法胺-阿维巴克坦 (CAZ-AVI) 是一种组合抗生素,对MDR病原体有已证明的活性.
- 了解CAZ-AVI对当代临床隔离物的体外活性对于指导治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估Ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) 对从智利医院收集的格兰阴性细菌的体外抗菌活性.
- 评估CAZ-AVI对抗多药耐药 (MDR) 肠杆菌和 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 的疗效.
- 将CAZ-AVI的活性与其他抗生素对特定耐药表型的活性进行比较,包括耐卡巴胺的肠细菌 (CRE) 和扩展谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 生产者.
主要方法:
- 来自智利三个医疗中心 (2015-2021) 的肠杆菌 (n=2600) 和P. aeruginosa (n=836) 的临床分离物的分析.
- 使用微稀释和基于临床和实验室标准研究所 (CLSI) 断点的解释来确定最小抑制度 (MIC).
- 通过聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 检测扩展谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 和碳酶基因.
主要成果:
- 在体外,CAZ-AVI对肠杆菌 (99.72%),产生ESBL的肠杆菌 (99.34%) 和MDR肠杆菌 (99.31%) 具有很高的活性.
- 对抗抗卡巴胺抗性肠道细菌 (CRE,发病率1.5%),CAZ-AVI显示有88.57%的敏感性,而tigecycline (92.31%) 和amiccin (79.49%) 也具有活性.
- 对于MDR和难以治疗的耐药性P. aeruginosa,CAZ-AVI敏感性分别为44.83%和38.99%.
结论:
- 塞法胺-阿维巴克坦在体外表现出极好的活性,对抗广泛的肠杆菌,包括CRE,ESBL生产菌株和KPC生产菌株.
- 在智利,CAZ-AVI代表了一种有价值的治疗选择,用于治疗由MDR Enterobacterales引起的感染.
- 此外,CAZ-AVI还显示出对抗多药性Pseudomonas aeruginosa感染的治疗选择的潜力.
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