下垂体与骨,脂肪组织和大脑的交叉交叉
Mone Zaidi1,2, Tony Yuen3,4, Se-Min Kim3,4
1Center for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. mone.zaidi@mssm.edu.
Nature reviews. Endocrinology
|September 15, 2023
概括
下垂体激素除了调节其他腺体之外,还具有多种作用,直接作用于骨和肝脏等器官. 了解这些更广泛的功能为肥胖和神经退行等疾病提供了新的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学和进化生物学.
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 身体生理学 身体生理学
背景情况:
- 传统上,人们认为垂体激素具有独特的功能,主要是调节其他内分泌腺.
- 进化观点揭示了脑垂体激素及其受体在脊椎动物中的更广泛的生理作用.
- 最近的研究挑战了古典观点,强调了对体组织的直接作用.
研究的目的:
- 探索垂体激素超出其既定作用的多方面的功能.
- 为了研究脑下垂体激素受体在不同大脑区域的表达.
- 将改变的垂体激素水平与人类疾病的病理生理学联系起来,并确定治疗点.
主要方法:
- 对 pituitary 激素和受体的进化生物学进行审查.
- 对研究的分析表明,垂体激素对体器官 (骨,脂肪组织,肝脏) 的直接作用.
- 对大脑中垂体激素受体表达的证据的检查.
主要成果:
- 下垂体激素如TSH,FSH,ACTH,益生菌,催产素和AVP对体器官产生直接影响.
- 垂体激素受体在特定的大脑核和子核中发现.
- 垂体激素水平的失调与骨质疏松症,肥胖症和神经退行症等疾病有关.
结论:
- 下垂体激素在脊椎动物生理学中具有多样化,直接的功能,超越了经典的内分泌调节.
- 脑下垂体激素受体在大脑中的表达表明了新的神经内分泌作用.
- 变化的垂体激素水平有助于疾病病理生理学,为药物发现和治疗干预提供了新的途径.
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