在句子理解过程中,在患者第一语言中使用代理首选
Sebastian Sauppe1,2, Åshild Naess3, Giovanni Roversi4
1Department of Comparative Language Science, University of Zurich.
Cognitive science
|September 16, 2023
概括
大脑的语言系统可能具有内置的代理人优先偏见,但这种倾向受语言经验的影响. 人类引用显示出强烈的代理偏差,而非人类引用的偏差可以根据使用频率而改变.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 语言的增量处理通常有利于代理首先解释.
- 这种偏见可能源于固定的认知属性,或是从语言使用频率中学到的.
- 现有的证据主要来自代理初始语言,限制了对跨语言偏差的理解.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用脑电图 (EEG) 来调查语言理解中的代理人第一偏差.
- 检查单词顺序和引用类型 (人类与非人类) 如何影响患者初始语言中的解释.
- 在句子处理中区分固定认知偏差和基于使用频率的偏差.
主要方法:
- 使用脑电图 (EEG) 记录在句子处理过程中的大脑活动.
- 在 Äiwoo 中调查理解,这是一个默认为患者初始单词顺序的语言.
- 呈现的句子初始名词在代理人和患者角色之间含糊不清,不同的参考类型 (人类/非人类).
主要成果:
- 非人类名词最初被解释为患者,当被解读为代理角色时显示消极性.
- 人类名词被解释为代理人,即使与频率相反,当被解读为患者角色时,也会引起类似N400的消极性.
- 对人类参考的代理偏差在使用频率方面被证明是强大的,与非人类参考不同.
结论:
- 代理偏差似乎是人类参考人的固定的认知属性,对频率效应有抵抗力.
- 对于非人类引用者,代理偏差是可塑的,可以根据语言使用频率来塑造.
- 研究结果表明,在句子理解中,先天的偏见和学习的语言模式之间存在复杂的相互作用.
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