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相关概念视频

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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相关实验视频

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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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在发育过程中通过长期认知训练重塑皮质连接梯度.

Tianyong Xu1, Yunying Wu2, Yi Zhang1,3

  • 1Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.

Neuroscience bulletin
|September 16, 2023
PubMed
概括

长期的阿巴克斯心理计算 (AMC) 训练重塑了儿童的大脑拓,影响了默认网络的出现和皮质梯度. 这种认知训练会影响大脑发育,并预测数学能力.

关键词:
基于阿巴克斯的心理计算认知训练是一种认知训练.连接梯度的梯度是连接的梯度.发展发展发展 发展发展神经可塑性 神经可塑性

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相关实验视频

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 认知科学 认知科学

背景情况:

  • 大脑组织在发育过程中遵循一个动态的拓层次结构.
  • 多年认知训练对这种发育层次结构的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查长期的基于数轴的心理计算 (AMC) 训练如何影响儿童发育期间大脑的层次拓.
  • 探索训练引起的大脑变化与数学能力之间的关系.

主要方法:

  • 测量学校儿童在AMC培训5年 (7-12岁) 之前和之后的大脑和行为的纵向研究.
  • 分析大脑层次拓,默认网络出现,皮质梯度和行为数据.

主要成果:

  • 观察到开发诱导的默认网络的出现.
  • 在AMC培训中,促进皮质梯度的转移和区域变化,特别是在视觉和体力运动区域.
  • 训练引起的梯度变化与视觉空间/运动图像策略相关.
  • 基于梯度的特征预测了数学能力.

结论:

  • 在发育过程中长期的认知训练可以动态重塑大脑的层次拓.
  • AMC干预影响大脑网络组织,并与增强的数学表现有关.
  • 研究结果强调了大脑网络的可塑性,以应对持续的认知参与.