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全球基因资源的保护优先级和同卵性模式评估的运行
Chaoqun Gao1, Kejun Wang1, Xiaoyu Hu1
1Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China; The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan, China.
Poultry science
|September 16, 2023
概括
保护多样化的品种对于可持续的家禽至关重要. 亚洲和非洲品种表现出高度的遗传多样性,为全球家禽发展提供优先保护的努力.
科学领域:
- 人口遗传学和保护生物学
- 动物遗传学和动物基因组学
- 养科学与可持续农业
背景情况:
- 遗传资源的保护对于家禽产业的可持续性至关重要.
- 了解人口结构和遗传多样性是有效的保护战略的关键.
- 同胞性运行 (ROH) 提供了关于近亲繁殖和适应的见解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析全球品种的种群结构,保护优先级和ROH.
- 提出基于遗传多样性贡献的合理保护策略.
- 为了确定具有高遗传和等位基因多样性的特定品种,以保护为重点.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自134个种群的2,429只的600K Affymetrix Axiom HD SNP阵列数据集.
- 根据原产地和采样地点将分为五组 (亚洲,非洲,欧洲本地,亚洲现场,欧洲现场).
- 分析了种群结构,基因 (HT) 和等位基因多样性 (AT),近亲繁殖,链接不平衡 (LD) 衰变和同卵性 (ROH) 运行.
主要成果:
- 种群结构与地理分布相关;亚洲本地 (AS-LOC) 呈现出最高的遗传多样性和最快的LD衰变.
- 欧洲 ex situ 品种 (EU-DE) 的基因多样性最低,内生繁殖率最高,与人口规模较小有关.
- 确定了特定的品种 (例如,KUR,BANG,ALxx,BHwsch,ARw用于基因多样性;ZIMxx,PIxx,ALxx,SHsch,ARsch用于等位基因多样性),这些品种为其群体内的多样性做出了最大的贡献.
- 检测到144,708个ROH碎片和27个岛屿,其中ROH岛屿和QTL表明了适应潜力.
结论:
- 优先保护每个群体内基因多样性最高的品种,重点关注亚洲和非洲品种.
- 现场保护条件可以导致遗传多样性减少和内生繁殖增加.
- 结果为养和利用策略提供了宝贵的参考,支持可持续的家禽发展.
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