危险与暴露:在识别持久性和移动性问题中的化学物质方面,是否有所不同?
Zhizhen Zhang1, Alessandro Sangion2, Shenghong Wang1
1School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664, N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557-274, United States.
Water research
|September 17, 2023
概括
持久性和移动性 (PM) 化学品的危险性质可以帮助降低不太可能污染饮用水的物质的优先级. 然而,暴露潜力是关键的,因为危险指标本身不能保证饮用水高暴露潜力 (DWEP).
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 评估水质水质的评估.
- 化学品风险评估 化学品风险评估
背景情况:
- 持久性和移动性 (PM) 化学物质由于其运输和抵抗去除而构成环境和饮用水威胁.
- 目前的法规重点关注用于识别PM化学物质的危险性质 (稳定性,吸附性),引发了人们对通过饮用水接触人类的担忧.
- 现有的选标准可能无法完全捕捉影响实际暴露潜力的复杂因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于危险和基于暴露的方法之间的一致性,以确定PM化学物质.
- 评估具有高持久性和流动性的化学品是否也表现出高饮用水暴露潜力 (DWEP).
- 了解驱动DWEP在不同饮用水源中的机制.
主要方法:
- 基于模型的评估被用来将危险特性与DWEP联系起来.
- 分析的重点是评估高度持久和移动化学物质是否与高DWEP一致相关.
- 研究了诸如挥发和粒子束传输等因素对DWEP的影响.
主要成果:
- 具有最高DWEP的化学物质通常表现出持久性和流动性,但反面并不总是如此.
- 除了稳定性和吸附性之外,挥发和附带粒子束传输对DWEP有很大的影响.
- 危险指标更有效地降低了暴露潜力较低的化学品的优先级,而不是优先考虑具有高潜在的化学品.
结论:
- 危险性质是必要的,但不足以预测高DWEP.
- 在不同的水源中,DWEP受到不同的机制的影响:吸附 (地下水),稳定性 (地表水) 和两者 (河岸过).
- 未来的研究应该将暴露潜力纳入PM化学品的识别和优先级.
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