水银导致模型歌鸟物种的空间认知退化
Cara N Brittain1, Amanda M Bessler2, Andrew S Elgin2
1Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
|September 17, 2023
概括
发展和持续的成年人接触甲基都需要损害鸟类的空间记忆. 这种影响生存和繁殖的认知障碍,如果暴露停止,可能是可逆的.
科学领域:
- 环境毒理学环境毒理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
背景情况:
- 是一种普遍存在的环境污染物,已知对野生动物,特别是鸟类有毒影响.
- 发育中的生物体,包括鸟类胚胎,特别容易受到的神经毒性影响.
- 暴露时间 (发育期与终身) 对对认知影响的影响仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究甲基暴露的时间和持续时间如何影响斑马的空间学习和记忆.
- 为了确定单独的发育性暴露是否足以导致长期认知缺陷.
- 评估环境相关的甲基度对鸟类空间认知的影响.
主要方法:
- 养的斑马雀暴露于饮食中的甲基,其度与环境相关.
- 使用涉及在子和房间大小的环境中找到隐藏食物的任务来评估空间学习和记忆.
- 暴露范式包括仅在发育期和终身暴露,随后在成年后进行行为测试.
主要成果:
- 成年人对甲基的发育和持续暴露都是必要的,以显著损害空间记忆.
- 暴露的鸟类在学习食物位置方面表现出缺陷,反复重复访问错误的地点.
- 与预期相反,终身甲基暴露并没有改变研究鸟类的海马体积.
结论:
- 鸟类的空间记忆障碍需要在生命早期和持续的甲基暴露.
- 这些认知缺陷可能会对野生鸟类的生存和繁殖成功产生负面影响.
- 在离开受污染地区并停止暴露的鸟类中,可能会发生认知恢复.
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