一种多变量认知方法,用于预测最近发病的精神病中的社会功能,以应对计算机化认知训练
Nina Walter1, Julian Wenzel1, Shalaila S Haas2
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpenerstr.62, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
|September 17, 2023
概括
基线认知数据可以预测在接受认知训练 (CT) 的近期发病精神病 (ROP) 患者的未来社会功能. 虽然预测个人对社会认知训练 (SCT) 的反应需要进一步的研究,但认知测量提供了对社会功能结果的可靠估计.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 最近发病的精神病 (ROP) 患者表现出显著的认知和社会功能缺陷.
- 认知训练 (CT) 在改善ROP患者的认知和社会功能方面显示出小到中等效果.
- 预测治疗反应异质性对于个性化干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究基线认知数据的潜力,以预测ROP患者CT后社会功能改善的可能性.
- 开发和验证用于预测社会功能的机器学习模型.
- 评估社会认知训练 (SCT) 对预测社会功能的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了多变量模式分析 (MVPA) 和支持向量机 (SVM) 分类器.
- 一个SVM分类器被训练在个性化预后工具早期精神病管理 (PRONIA) 研究的数据.
- 该分类器应用于独立的ROP样本进行预测和交叉验证.
主要成果:
- 基线认知数据预测了社会功能,在独立的ROP样本中,均衡准确率 (BAC) 为66.4%.
- 关键预测因素包括数字符号替换测试,连续性能测试和口语流利测试的表现.
- 在干预样本中,分类器在基线达到59.3%的BAC,在随访时达到64.8%.
- 与通常治疗 (TAU) 相比,社会认知训练 (SCT) 组在预测的社会功能方面显著改善.
结论:
- 基线认知数据可以为ROP患者的未来社会功能提供可靠的个人估计.
- 使用认知数据预测个人对SCT的反应,需要在大规模试验中进一步调查.
- 认知数据对指导ROP个性化干预有前途.
相关概念视频
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
65
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
65
01:25Cognitive Therapy
176
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
176
01:30Information Processing Approach
71
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
71
01:30Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
569
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
569
01:20Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
525
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
525
01:24Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders
169
Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
169