加强手机法律与警方报告的车尾撞车率之间的关联
Ian J Reagan1, Jessica B Cicchino1, Eric R Teoh1
1The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS), VA, United States.
Journal of safety research
|September 17, 2023
概括
华盛顿和俄勒冈州加强了手机禁令,减少了后排碰撞,但加利福尼亚州没有变化. 全面禁止可能会提高执法和驾驶员对分心驾驶法律的认识.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 运输安全运输安全
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 之前关于禁止使用手机和撞车率的研究得出了不确定的结果.
- 加利福尼亚州,俄勒冈州和华盛顿州在2017年更新了他们的法律,以扩大现有的禁止手持手机使用和短信的禁令.
- 这项研究专门研究了这些更新的法律对后端碰撞率的影响,后端碰撞类型对视觉手动分心敏感.
研究的目的:
- 评估禁止手持手机使用的最新州立法与后端撞车率之间的关系.
- 为了比较各州的撞车率变化与新法律对照的控制州,以隔离法律的影响.
主要方法:
- 负二项回归被用来比较每个月的人均后端撞车率在法律变化之前和之后.
- 这项研究分析了所有三个州的车事故,以及加利福尼亚和华盛顿所有严重程度的车事故.
- 科罗拉多州和爱达荷州是2015-2019研究期间的对照州.
主要成果:
- 华盛顿加强的法律与每月所有严重程度的后端撞车事故减少了7.6%.
- 俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的受伤后端撞车事故显著减少 (分别为8.8%和10.9%).
- 加利福尼亚州在法律更新后,后端撞车率没有显著变化.
结论:
- 该研究的发现是混合的,在俄勒冈州和华盛顿州观察到显著的后端撞击减少,但不是加利福尼亚州.
- 不同的结果可能源于立法细节,执法强度和处罚的差异.
- 对视觉手动手机活动的全面禁令似乎提高了法律的可执行性和驾驶员的遵守性.
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