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Stuart Harrad¹, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah¹, Daniel Drage^1,2

¹School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.

Environmental science & technology letters

|September 18, 2023

概括

国际空间站 (ISS) 的尘埃含有阻燃剂和PFAS,其度往往超过地球水平. 然而,国际空间站的尘埃显示了赫克萨布罗摩环二甲 (HBCDD) 的独特的二聚体概况,这表明形成的途径不同.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
太空科学太空科学
分析化学分析化学

背景情况:

室内灰尘是化学污染物的重要储存库.
航天器环境为化学物质的积累和转化提供了独特的条件.
了解航天器中的污染物概况对于宇航员健康和未来任务规划至关重要.

研究的目的:

识别和量化国际空间站 (ISS) 尘埃中的各种化学污染物.
将污染物度和形状与在陆地室内环境中发现的污染物进行比较.
调查独特的ISS环境对化学行为的影响,特别是HBCDD二聚体和PFAS.

主要方法:

对国际空间站的复合尘埃样本进行分析,检测聚二乙烯 (PBDE),六环二 (HBCDD),新型制阻燃剂 (NBFR),有机酸 (OPE),多环芳 (PAH), perfluoroalkyl物质 (PFAS) 和多二 (PCB).
测量度与美国和西欧室内尘埃中位数的平均值进行比较.
详细分析HBCDD二聚体分布和高酸 (PFOA) 度.

主要成果:

国际空间站的尘埃含有一系列的目标化学品类,其度经常超过陆地中位数,但通常保持在陆地范围内.
在国际空间站的尘埃样本中,γ-HBCDD二聚体占主导地位 (96.6%),与典型的陆地室内尘埃形状有显著差异.
国际空间站尘埃中的 perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 度 (3300 ng/g) 超过了以前在陆地尘埃中报告的最大值,这可能是由于防水处理.

结论:

国际空间站的尘埃组成受到地面输入和独特的太空环境的影响.
观察到的HBCDD二聚体形状表明,国际空间站内的条件抑制了α-HBCDD的光解形成.
高水平的PFOA可能表明国际空间站广泛使用特定的防水材料,为未来的航天器材料选择提供信息.

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