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热友甲氧化在新西兰的地热场中广泛存在
Karen M Houghton1,2, Carlo R Carere1,3, Matthew B Stott1,4
1Te Pū Ao | GNS Science, Wairakei Research Centre, Taupō, New Zealand.
Frontiers in microbiology
|September 18, 2023
概括
热友甲氧化在新西兰地热土壤中很常见,微生物在高温下消耗温室气体. 这项研究揭示了对这一关键的生物过过程负责的多样化和潜在未知的微生物.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 地热区域是甲的重要来源,甲是一种强大的温室气体.
- 甲类微生物通常充当生物过器,减少甲释放到大气中.
- 热友微生物在地热生态系统中消耗甲的作用仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究地热土壤在高温下生物介导的甲氧化程度.
- 为了确定涉及热友甲消费的微生物群体.
- 为了阐明这些极端环境中甲氧化代谢途径.
主要方法:
- 在高达75°C的温度下化来自14个阿托亚罗亚新西兰地热场的57个土壤微观世界.
- 使用气相色谱检测甲氧化速率.
- 通过16S rRNA基因测序和元转录组学进行微生物社区分析.
- 丰富培养物以隔离和研究活性甲类植物.
主要成果:
- 在测试的54%的地热土壤微观宇宙中,在高达75°C的温度下观察到甲氧化.
- 氧化速率从0.5到17.4μmol g−1 d−1湿重之间有所不同.
- 发现了大量已知的有氧和假定无氧甲类植物,以及未识别的微生物或合成协会的证据.
- 转基因组学揭示了参与甲氧化的关键基因,这些基因与Methylococcaceae,Methylocystaceae和Methylothermaceae家族有关.
结论:
- 热友甲氧化是新西兰地热场中普遍存在的过程.
- 该研究确定了已知和潜在的新型微生物参与者和涉及高温甲消耗的途径.
- 需要进一步的研究来培养和充分描述这些热友性甲类植物及其生态意义.
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