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社区灾难暴露和抑郁症的首发:对国家代表性南非数据的小组分析,2008-2017年
Andrew Tomita1,2, Busisiwe P Ncama3, Yoshan Moodley3,4,5
1Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
概括
反复发生的社区灾难显著增加了南非新发抑郁症的风险,特别影响弱势群体. 针对性心理健康支持对灾难幸存者至关重要,特别是妇女和社会经济地位较低的人.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 撒哈拉以南非洲地区因气候变化而面临越来越多的灾害频率和严重程度,为重建耗费有限的资源.
- 累积的灾难暴露带来了重大的心理健康风险,但该地区的人口层面的证据很少.
- 发展中国家在灾难恢复方面面临着独特的挑战,可能导致长期的社区影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查社区累积灾难暴露与南非首次出现抑郁症之间的联系.
- 为了确定特定的人口群体在重复灾难暴露后患抑郁症的风险较高.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自南非国家收入动态研究 (SA-NIDS) (2008-2017年) 的面板数据,共有17,255名参与者.
- 使用通用估计方程 (GEE) 回归模型来评估社区灾难暴露后抑郁症发病风险.
- 从政府公报上绘制灾难地点与家庭位置的地图,以量化累积暴露.
主要成果:
- 增加的累积社区灾难暴露与更高的抑郁症发病概率显著相关 (aRR = 1.20).
- 在女性,黑人非洲人和受教育程度和收入水平较低的个人中观察到更高的抑郁症发病风险.
- 累积灾难暴露对抑郁症的影响在慢性社会脆弱人群中更为明显.
结论:
- 累积的社区灾难暴露是南非新发抑郁症的重要风险因素.
- 社会弱势群体,包括妇女和社会经济地位较低的人,面临不成比例地更高的风险.
- 基于社区的心理健康干预对灾难幸存者至关重要,优先考虑弱势群体.
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