在晚年抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病中执行功能缺陷和中间叶缩:一项比较研究
Changbiao Chu1, Weigang Pan2,3, Yanping Ren2,3
1Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|September 18, 2023
概括
步道测试 (TMT) 通过识别执行功能缺陷和中间叶缩,有效地区分阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和晚年抑郁症 (LLD). 这种认知评估有助于区分这些疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和晚年抑郁症 (LLD) 分享执行功能缺陷 (EFD) 和中间叶缩 (MTA).
- 准确区分AD和LLD对于适当的患者管理和治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估Trail Making Test (TMT) 和MTA尺度在区分AD和LLD的诊断实用性.
- 研究AD和LLD患者中中叶缩 (MTA) 和神经心理测量之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及100名患者 (50名AD,50名LLD) 的横截面研究,使用老年抑郁量表 (GDS),迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 和蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 进行评估.
- 使用TMT (TMT-A和TMT-B) 评估执行功能缺陷 (EFD).
- 中间叶缩 (MTA) 通过磁共振成像 (MRI) 量化;接收器操作特征 (ROC) 曲线分析用于诊断歧视.
主要成果:
- 与LLD患者相比,AD患者的MMSE,MoCA和GDS得分明显较低,MTA得分,TMT-A和TMT-B时间较高 (p <0.05).
- TMT-A和TMT-B在AD和LLD之间表现出很好的区分能力,曲线下的面积 (AUC) 值分别为92.2%和94.2%.
- 在AD患者的MMSE/MoCA和MTA之间发现了负相关性;在LLD患者的TMT-A时间/GDS和MTA之间观察到正相关性.
结论:
- 阿尔茨海默病患者表现出比晚年抑郁症患者更严重的执行功能缺陷和中间叶缩.
- 步道测试 (TMT) 作为一个有价值的工具,用于AD和LLD的差异诊断.
- 这些发现强调了需要谨慎解释的必要性,因为TMT仅捕捉了执行职能的一部分.
相关概念视频
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
517
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
517
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
155
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
155
Long-term Depression
2.6K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.6K
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
470
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
470
Dementia
139
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
139
Role of Hippocampus in Memory
305
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
305


