评估技术变革对类似职业的影响:对就业选择的影响
Karine Torosyan1,2, Sicheng Wang3, Elizabeth A Mack1
1Department of Geography, Environment and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America.
PloS one
|September 18, 2023
概括
技术变化导致低技能职业的失业,影响职业流动. 提高技能对于劳动力发展至关重要,尤其是面临未来就业转移的弱势工人.
科学领域:
- 劳动力经济学 劳动力经济学
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
- 技术影响研究研究.
背景情况:
- 动态的劳动力市场需要了解受技术进步影响的职业流动性.
- 现有的职业分类缺乏多维性,阻碍了准确的就业趋势预测.
- 这项研究解决了需要一个全面的职业相似性框架的需求.
研究的目的:
- 开发和应用一种基于多面性属性的新型职业分类体系.
- 分析受技术变革影响的就业趋势和流动模式.
- 识别不同职业群体中推动就业变化的因素.
主要方法:
- 集群756个职业,使用知识,技能,能力,价值观和兴趣.
- 将主要组件分析应用于标准职业分类层次结构.
- 整合职业集群与美国劳工统计局的就业预测.
主要成果:
- 技术变革是特定职业集群中就业流失的重要驱动因素.
- 大约60%的失业集中在低技能,低工资的职业中.
- 预计在未来十年中,中等技能和高技能职业的增长将持续.
结论:
- 开发的职业分类体系有效地突出了就业趋势和流动性挑战.
- 迫切需要技能升级和有针对性的劳动力发展计划.
- 易受伤害的工人群体,包括老年人和少数群体,需要特别考虑.
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