空间和语言工作记忆负载对语义相关性判断的影响
Dmytro Khanzhyn1, Walter J B van Heuven2, Karolina Rataj3
1Faculty of English, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland. dmykha@amu.edu.pl.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|September 18, 2023
概括
工作记忆的类型和负载会影响语义相关性判断. 与空间任务相比,口头工作记忆任务减少了语义促进,增加了抑制,特别是在弱相关的单词中.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 语义相关性判断受到单词对相关性的影响.
- 以前的研究还没有探讨工作记忆在这些判断中的作用.
- 工作内存负载和类型对语义处理的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查工作记忆负载 (低与高) 对语义相关性判断的影响.
- 检查工作记忆类型 (口头与空间) 对语义相关性判断的影响.
- 了解工作记忆如何与语义相关性强度相互作用.
主要方法:
- 参与者执行了一项双重任务:语义相关性判断和工作记忆任务.
- 刺激包括波兰单词对在语义相关性 (强,弱,无关) 方面有所不同.
- 工作记忆任务是口头或空间的,具有低负载和高负载条件.
主要成果:
- 强烈相关的对的反应更快,与无关的对相比,弱相关的对的反应更慢.
- 与空间任务相比,口头工作记忆任务减少了与强烈相关的对的促进,并增加了与弱相关的对的抑制.
- 工作记忆负载在口头任务中影响了弱相关的对,但在空间任务中没有影响.
结论:
- 工作记忆的类型和负载显著影响语义相关性判断.
- 工作记忆对语义处理的影响是由语义关系的强度调节的.
- 与空间工作记忆相比,口头工作记忆对语义处理施加了更大的约束.
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