结合无监督,监督和基于规则的学习:在电子健康记录中检测患者过敏的情况
Geir Thore Berge1,2, Ole-Christoffer Granmo3, Tor Oddbjørn Tveit2,4
1Department of Information Systems, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
BMC medical informatics and decision making
|September 18, 2023
概括
本研究引入了一种用于电子健康记录 (EHR) 的新型自然语言处理 (NLP) 方法,将无监督,半监督和基于规则的学习结合起来,以改善临床决策支持和精确医学. 该方法在诸如过敏检测等任务中实现了高性能,在临床实践中证明了其价值.
科学领域:
- 计算语言学计算语言学
- 医疗信息学医学信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 对促进临床决策支持和精准医学具有重大潜力.
- 医疗保健中的当前自然语言处理 (NLP) 方法在性能,效率和透明度方面面临限制.
- 现有的基于规则和机器学习的方法与临床语言的复杂性作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 为医疗保健应用提供一种新,透明和可解释的NLP方法.
- 解决现有的NLP技术在处理临床数据方面的缺陷.
- 开发一种方法,促进有效的临床词汇和概念构建.
主要方法:
- 无监督学习的词嵌入的自动临床语言理解.
- 半监督学习加速临床词汇和概念开发.
- 精确信息提取和细粒度控制的确定性规则.
- 临床概念搜索信息系统 (ICCS) 临床决策支持系统 (CDSS) 的开发.
主要成果:
- 这种新的NLP方法实现了高性能指标:92.6%的回忆,88.8%的精度和90.7%的F测量.
- 与监督学习算法相比,在对患者过敏进行分类方面表现出了最先进的性能.
- 定性分析证实了词嵌入方法在临床NLP中用于自动特征工程的潜力.
结论:
- 综合NLP方法为医疗保健数据的性能,透明度和可解释性提供了显著的改进.
- 该方法对语言独立性有希望,并且需要最小的域资源进行维护.
- 建议对无监督,监督和基于规则的范式的协同组合进行进一步的研究,用于临床NLP.
关键词:
分类 分类 分类 分类.临床决策支持系统 临床决策支持系统电子健康记录是电子健康记录.机器学习是机器学习.自然语言处理自然语言处理.这是一个基于规则的规则.被监督的人 监督的人没有监督的无人驾驶.更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Methods of Documentation VII: EMR
861
Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) primarily center around electronically documenting patients' health information within a single healthcare organization or practice. They contain essential clinical data related to a patient's medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, lab results, and other pertinent information relevant to the specific encounter or episode of care. EMRs are designed to streamline documentation and workflow processes within individual healthcare...
861
Allergic Reactions
27.7K
Overview
27.7K
Allergic Drug Reactions
875
Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing...
875
Hypersensitivities
730
Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
730
Cross-reactivity
31.2K
Overview
31.2K
Nursing Clinical Information System
812
Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS)
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:
812


