相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid

Protocol for Assessing the Relative Effects of Environment and Genetics on Antler and Body Growth for a Long-lived Cervid

Published on: August 8, 2017

东亚牛基因组中的野生种群的结构变异和内进,使其适应当地环境

Xiaoting Xia¹, Fengwei Zhang¹, Shuang Li¹

¹Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, China.

|September 18, 2023

概括

东亚牛基因组的结构变异 (SVs) 是适应不同气候和抵抗疾病的关键. 这项研究揭示了新的SVs,它们有助于蒙古和海南牛种的环境适应性和抗病能力.

科学领域:

基因组学就是基因组学.
进化生物学进化生物学
动物科学动物科学

背景情况:

结构变异 (SVs) 显著影响牛群的复杂特征和环境适应能力.
东亚的牛品种,如蒙古 (金牛) 和海南 (原生) 等,分别表现出适应寒冷和炎热气候的习惯.
关于东亚牛基因组中的SVs及其适应性内进的研究有限.

研究的目的:

调查 SVs 在蒙古和海南牛的气候适应中的作用.
识别和描述有助于环境适应和东亚牛的抗病性SVs.

主要方法:

对于蒙古和海南的牛来说,生成高度连续的染色体规模的基因组组.
使用长时间读取的测序数据对新组装的基因组与18个额外的牛基因组进行比较分析.
来自39个品种的373个完整基因组的基因组定型,以确定气候和品种特定的SVs.

主要成果:

产生了123,898个非冗余SVs的目录,其中几个位于与皮肤屏障功能和疾病耐药性相关的基因中.
鉴定了SPN基因中的外来插入,可能会影响巨细胞吸收Mycobacterium tuberculosis,并导致海南牛的耐药性.
在中国的南北梯度上分化的2610个SVs被确定,与参与环境适应途径的862个基因重叠.
发现1457个中国原产地分层的SVs,可能源于班,在中国原产地牛中很常见.

结论:

在东亚牛的环境适应中,SVs起着至关重要的作用.
特定的SVs有助于疾病耐药性,例如海南牛的牛结核耐药性.
这项研究突出了东亚牛基因组中SVs独特的适应性贡献.

关键词:

东亚的牛是东亚的牛.基因组组装组的基因组组装组长读序列的测序方式结构变化的结构变化.

更多相关视频

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica

A PCR-based Genotyping Method to Distinguish Between Wild-type and Ornamental Varieties of Imperata cylindrica

Published on: February 20, 2012

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

相关概念视频

Gene Flow

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Types of Genetic Transfer Between Organisms

Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Genetic Variation

Genetic Variation

Genetic variation is the diversity in DNA sequences found among individuals of the same species. This diversity is crucial for a species' survival because it helps organisms adapt to environmental changes. Genetic variation begins with fertilization, where an egg and sperm cell merge. Each of these cells carries 23 chromosomes, up to 46 in the fertilized egg. Chromosomes are long DNA strands that contain genes, the basic units of heredity.
Genes exist in different versions called alleles,...

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).