谁"在发生事件的房间里"? 一种分类学和五步方法论,用于识别和描述政策参与者
Gracelyn Cruden1, Erika L Crable2, Rebecca Lengnick-Hall3
1Chestnut Health System, Lighthouse Institute-Oregon Group, Eugene, OR, 97401, USA. gcruden@chestnut.org.
Implementation science communications
|September 18, 2023
概括
本研究提出了一种结构化的五步方法,用于识别和参与政策参与者进行公共政策研究. 通过"家庭优先预防服务法案" (Family First Prevention Services Act) 证明的这种方法,增强了实施科学的现实影响.
科学领域:
- 实施科学 实施科学
- 政策分析 政策分析
- 公共卫生研究 公共卫生研究
背景情况:
- 参与政策参与者对于传播和实施科学的实际相关性和影响至关重要.
- 识别政策参与者,特别是在"大P"公共政策,需要不同的方法超出传统的参与研究.
- 现有的方法需要补充,以有效地识别和参与政策制定和实施中的关键利益相关者.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种透明,结构化和代的方法来识别参与重大政策决策的政策参与者.
- 为以政策为重点的实施研究的采样和参与策略提供指导.
- 创建一个灵活的分类系统来分类政策参与者,包括开发者,传播者,实施者,执法者和影响者.
主要方法:
- 为确定参与政策传播和实施研究的政策参与者,制定了五步方法.
- 联邦政策"家庭优先预防服务法案" (FFPSA) 被用作案例研究.
- 使用内容分析搜索,检索和编码公开的文档,以描述参与政策决策的组织和政策行为者.
主要成果:
- 这五个步骤涉及明确政策阶段,确定决策"房间",描述这些房间内的组织和行为者,以及量化/比较不同房间的行为者.
- 这一过程为选择适合特定政策背景和参与者的适当参与方法提供了信息.
- FFPSA的案例研究以每个步骤的应用和结果为例,确定了相关的政策参与者.
结论:
- 提出的务实和透明的政策行动者识别步骤可以指导研究人员进行持续的抽样和有效的政策行动者参与.
- 未来的研究应该评估这些方法对于选择和定制参与和实施战略的有用性.
- 这些方法旨在改善全球范围内"大P"和"小P"政策的政策制定和实施.
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