相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 16, 2025

08:57
Optical Trap Loading of Dielectric Microparticles In Air
Published on: February 5, 2017
9.1K
没有平衡 捕获的活性粒子的稳定状态
1Department of Environmental Physics, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Israel.
Physical review. E
|September 19, 2023
概括
我们分析了潜在的活性粒子,发现了它们的稳定状态分布. 虽然典型的运动遵循博尔茨曼统计,但极端偏差显示了与噪声相关的独特缩放行为.
科学领域:
- 统计力学 统计力学
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
- 非平衡系统 非平衡系统
背景情况:
- 活性粒子由于自我推进和噪声而表现出复杂的动态.
- 了解局限活性粒子的稳定状态分布对于预测它们的行为至关重要.
- 现有的模型往往简化了噪声相关性,限制了适用性.
研究的目的:
- 在外部潜力中推导一个过度缩的活性粒子的非平衡平稳态分布.
- 调查分布尾部对博尔兹曼统计学偏差的研究.
- 准确计算小噪声相关时间限制中的活性粒子位置的大偏差函数.
主要方法:
- 对具有一般活性噪声 (例如,运行和,活跃的布朗模型) 的过度减压粒子模型的分析.
- 专注于活动噪声的小相关时间 (τ→0) 的极限.
- 在一个维度 (d=1) 中,将大偏差函数与自由活性粒子的速率函数联系起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了典型波动遵循波兹曼分布的有效温度.
- 发现稳态分布的尾部偏离了博尔兹曼行为,缩放为Pst(X) ∼e^{-s(X) /τ}.
- 对于在d=1.1.中任意电位的大偏差函数s(X) 得到一个精确的表达式.
- 在旋转对称性下将发现扩展到更高的维度 (d>1).
结论:
- 这项研究为受限活性粒子的大偏差行为提供了准确的解决方案.
- 这些发现强调了噪声相关时间在确定完全平稳状态分布方面的重要性.
- 这项工作为了解活性物质系统中的异常扩散和极端事件提供了理论框架.
相关概念视频
Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle
1.2K
When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
1.2K
Dynamic Equilibrium
51.8K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
51.8K
Free Energy Changes for Nonstandard States
11.5K
The free energy change for a process taking place with reactants and products present under nonstandard conditions (pressures other than 1 bar; concentrations other than 1 M) is related to the standard free energy change according to this equation:
where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K·mol), T is the absolute temperature in kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient. This equation may be used to predict the spontaneity of a process under any given set of conditions.
Reaction Quotient...
where R is the gas constant (8.314 J/K·mol), T is the absolute temperature in kelvin, and Q is the reaction quotient. This equation may be used to predict the spontaneity of a process under any given set of conditions.
Reaction Quotient...
11.5K
Non-equilibrium in the Cell
4.5K
An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
4.5K
Energy Diagrams - II
4.7K
Energy diagrams are important to understand the dynamics of a system. The topology of an energy diagram helps illustrate the equilibrium points of the system.
The point in the energy diagram at which the system’s potential energy is the lowest is known as the local minima. The system tends to stay in this position indefinitely unless acted upon by a net force. The slope of the potential energy diagram at the local minima is zero, indicating that zero net force is acting on the system. The...
The point in the energy diagram at which the system’s potential energy is the lowest is known as the local minima. The system tends to stay in this position indefinitely unless acted upon by a net force. The slope of the potential energy diagram at the local minima is zero, indicating that zero net force is acting on the system. The...
4.7K
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium
7.0K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
7.0K

