英国的盐摄入量,血压和心血管疾病死亡率,2003-2018年
Jing Song1, Monique Tan, Changqiong Wang
1Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Journal of hypertension
|September 19, 2023
概括
英国的盐减少计划最初降低了盐摄入量和心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率. 然而,进展停滞不前,凸显了需要振兴减少盐分的努力,以保护公共健康的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 盐的摄入量是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的重要可改变的风险因素.
- 英国实施了一项减少盐的计划,以减少人口的盐消耗和相关的健康风险.
- 监测盐摄入量,血压 (BP) 和心血管疾病死亡率的趋势对于评估公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估2003年至2018年期间英国盐摄入量,血压 (BP) 和心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率的变化.
- 为了评估英国盐减少计划随时间的推移所产生的效果.
- 为了确定盐摄入趋势和心血管疾病结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 对盐摄入量 (尿液24小时内分泌量) 和血压测量的国家调查数据的分析.
- 利用死亡登记数据来追踪心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率.
- 纵向研究设计检查了2003年至2018年的数据.
主要成果:
- 盐摄入量从2003年的9.38g/d下降到2014年的7.58g/d,然后在2018年增加到8.39g/d.
- 血压 (BP) 和心血管疾病死亡率表现出类似的趋势,在2014年之前下降,然后平稳.
- 到2014年,人们观察到盐摄入量减少了19%,与降低的血压和心血管疾病死亡率相关.
结论:
- 英国的盐减少计划最初是成功的,但近年来已经停滞不前.
- 减少盐分的努力停滞,中断了血压和心血管疾病死亡率的下降.
- 迫切需要采取行动,以重振英国的盐减少计划,以解决公众健康问题.
相关概念视频
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
2.1K
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
2.1K
Factors affecting Blood pressure
3.3K
Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
Physiological Factors:
Physiological Factors:
3.3K
Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
25
Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
25
Blood Pressure
1.2K
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
1.2K
Hypertension I: Introduction
16
Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
16
Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications
13
Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
13


