使用社交媒体帮助理解患者报告的COVID-19后健康结果:自然语言处理方法
Elham Dolatabadi1,2,3, Diana Moyano2, Michael Bales4
1Faculty of Health, School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
社交媒体数据的高级自然语言处理揭示了COVID-19后的关键症状,如疲劳和脑雾. 这种方法为了解PCC提供了有价值的患者报告的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
背景情况:
- 关于后COVID-19状态 (PCC) 的科学知识不断增长,但关于其定义,临床过程和对日常功能的影响仍然存在重大不确定性.
- 社交媒体平台提供高分辨率,患者和护理人员对健康结果的洞察力,可能捕捉临床医生错过的经验.
研究的目的:
- 确定先进的自然语言处理 (NLP) 方法的有效性和有效性,以从社交媒体中获得PCC中患者报告的健康结果.
- 用NLP提取,测量频率,随时间和地点跟踪PCC相关的症状和条件.
主要方法:
- 使用来自变压器 (BERT) 模型的双向编码器表示来提取和规范PCC症状/病情术语. 从Twitter和Reddit.
- 将两个命名实体识别模型进行比较,并使用BERT双编码器使用语义搜索进行两步规范化.
- 通过人类注释和近距离评分来评估模型的有效性,并将结果与大型基于网络的调查进行比较.
主要成果:
- UmlsBERT-Clinical在实体预测方面表现出高准确度,可与人类注释者相提并论.
- 确定了顶级PCC症状组:全身性 (例如,疲劳),神经精神 (例如,焦虑,脑雾) 和呼吸 (例如,呼吸短促).
- 确定了"感染"和"疼痛"等新词汇; "疲劳"和"头痛"是常见的同时出现的症状. 神经精神病学术语是最普遍的暂时.
结论:
- 来自社交媒体的NLP管道产生了与PCC症状的同行评审文献相当的结果.
- 这项研究为患者报告的PCC健康结果和患者旅程提供了独特的见解.
- 这些发现可以帮助医疗保健提供者预测未来与COVID-19后病情相关的患者需求.
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