机器学习和药物坚持:范围审查
Aaron Bohlmann1, Javed Mostafa1, Manish Kumar1,2
1Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
机器学习使用20个预测器准确预测药物坚持. 监控系统对吸入器使用和帕金森病药物显示高准确性,人工智能提醒显著改善了坚持.
科学领域:
- * 生物医学信息学
- * 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- *这是第一个广泛检查机器学习 (ML) 应用在药物坚持方面的范围审查.
- *现有文献强调了利用ML提高患者对处方治疗的坚持度的日益兴趣.
研究的目的:
- *系统地分类,总结和分析现有的关于机器学习用于药物坚持的使用文献.
- * 确定ML驱动的药物坚持研究中的关键预测因素,方法和结果.
主要方法:
- * 进行了主要科学数据库 (PubMed,Scopus,ACM,IEEE,Web of Science) 的全面搜索.
- *采用了包括标准,根据PRISMA-ScR指南分析了43项相关研究.
- *研究被系统地绘制图表,并根据它们对药物坚持行为的方法进行分类.
主要成果:
- *在研究中确定了20个强有力的药物坚持预测因素,自我报告问卷和药房声明是常见的数据来源.
- *经常使用机器学习模型,如物流回归,神经网络,随机森林和支持矢量机器,预测准确度高达77.6%.
- * 监测系统的准确性很高 (例如,吸入器使用时>93%),人工智能驱动的提醒显著提高了与传统方法相比的坚持率.
结论:
- * 机器学习显示了准确预测药物坚持的巨大潜力,使得有针对性的干预措施能够防止不坚持.
- * 监测系统,特别是用于吸入器使用和帕金森病,达到高精度,为药物管理提供了宝贵的见解.
- *对话式人工智能提醒有效地提高了坚持,尽管上下文感知系统可能会引起用户侵入性的担忧.
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