中国老年人的劳动力参与率和死亡风险:全国基于人口的前性研究
Yujia Guo1, Dongfu Qian1,2
1School of Health Policy and Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
概括
参与劳动力参与显著降低了中国老年人的死亡风险. 持续工作和自雇提供了最大的生存益处,突出了在晚年继续活动的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 人口老龄化带来了独特的公共卫生挑战.
- 了解影响老年人死亡率的因素对于卫生政策至关重要.
- 劳动力参与是晚年健康结果的潜在决定因素.
研究的目的:
- 检查中国老年人劳动力参与率与死亡率之间的关联.
- 调查不同类型的工作和工作状态的变化对死亡率的影响.
- 探索每周工作时间和死亡风险之间的剂量反应关系.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国健康与退休长度研究 (2011-2018) 的数据.
- 包括6138名60岁及以上的参与者,其中大多数来自农村地区.
- 雇员考克斯比例危险模型和处罚splines分析工作状态,工作类型,工作变更和与所有原因死亡率相关的工作时间.
主要成果:
- 劳动力参与与41%的死亡风险降低有关 (HR:0.59).
- 自雇的老年人死亡风险最低,其次是非农业和农业就业.
- 随着每周工作时间的增加,死亡风险下降,每周工作时间约为45小时.
结论:
- 劳动力参与与中国老年人的显著生存益处有关.
- 保持就业,特别是自雇,有助于降低死亡率.
- 鼓励老年人继续从事劳动力参与的政策可能会改善长寿和福祉.
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