人类和小鼠的相对CD4和CD8T细胞免疫主导:对临床前测试的影响
Tertuliano Alves Pereira Neto1, John Sidney1, Alba Grifoni2
1Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Cellular & molecular immunology
|September 19, 2023
概括
这项研究表明,虽然小鼠模型显示T细胞对SARS-CoV-2抗原反应的相关性较弱,但使用人类白细胞抗原转基因小鼠显著提高了疫苗开发的预测准确性. 这些发现为临床前测试提供了指导.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- T细胞的识别受到MHC的限制,但人类与动物的CD4/CD8免疫性差异尚不清楚.
- 临床前模型对于疫苗开发至关重要,但它们对人类T细胞反应的预测准确性需要验证.
研究的目的:
- 分析人类和临床前模型之间的T细胞表皮质免疫性相关性.
- 评估标准和人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) 转基因小鼠模型的实用性,以预测人类T细胞对病毒抗原的反应.
主要方法:
- 利用免疫表皮层数据库 (IEDB) 来分析经过实验识别的SARS-CoV-2表皮层 (Spike和核蛋白).
- 与H-2b小鼠和HLA转基因小鼠 (A*02:01,B*07:02,DRB1*01:01,DRB1*04:01) 的人类T细胞反应相关联.
- 研究了CD8和CD4T细胞的反应,并确定了常见的免疫原和人类特异性区域.
主要成果:
- 观察到人类和H-2b小鼠T细胞对SARS-CoV-2抗原的反应之间存在微弱但显著的相关性.
- 使用HLA转基因小鼠,特别是CD8和CD4反应 (最大r=0.702和r=0.594,分别) 的相关性显著更高.
- 确定了共享和人类特异性免疫原体区域,并发现了CD8和CD4对S和N蛋白的反应之间的相关性.
结论:
- 与标准小鼠模型相比,HLA转基因小鼠模型可以更好地预测人类T细胞反应.
- 某些病毒抗原区域在物种之间保持免疫性,而另一些则是特定于物种的.
- 这些发现为在人类使用的临床前疫苗试验中使用小鼠模型提供了一般指导.
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