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优化艾滋病毒病例识别:从肯尼亚中部提供者发起的测试 (PITC) 调查预测艾滋病毒阳性患者特征

Rachael Muinde¹, Kevin Owuor¹, Jones Mutiso¹

¹Centre for Health Solutions, Nairobi, Kenya.

BMC health services research

|September 19, 2023

概括

识别艾滋病毒感染者对于实现联合国艾滋病规划署95:95:95目标至关重要. 这项研究发现,年龄,婚姻状况和结核病症状等因素预测肯尼亚中部的艾滋病毒检测结果呈阳性,有助于针对性艾滋病毒检测服务.

科学领域:

流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生
传染病研究传染病研究

背景情况:

肯尼亚中部的常规艾滋病毒检测服务 (HTS) 显示阳性率低于2%.
为了实现联合国艾滋病规划署95:95:95的目标,需要在资源有限的情况下有效识别感染艾滋病毒的人.
提供者发起的艾滋病毒检测和咨询 (PITC) 是HTS的一个关键策略.

研究的目的:

评估检测HIV阳性个体的非临床和临床特征.
在PITC计划中识别HIV阳性结果的预测因素.
在低患病率的环境中,为提高HTS效率的策略提供信息.

主要方法:

从2018年10月到2019年9月的常规PITC计划数据的回顾性分析.
数据来自肯尼亚中部三个县的六个医疗机构.
多变量后勤回归,调整为设施集群,用于确定HIV阳性结果的预测因素.

主要成果:

总体HIV阳性率为1.2% (共80,693名参与者).
与艾滋病毒阳性结果更高几率相关的因素包括:女性,年龄较大 (15岁以上),离婚/多妻制婚姻状况,首次测试者,12个月后重复测试者,假定结核病患者和住院测试.
假定结核病患者的艾滋病毒阳性结果的几率明显更高 (aOR 16.25).

结论:

像年龄,婚姻状况,检测历史和结核病状况这样的客户特征是PITC中HIV阳性结果的重要预测因素.
这些发现可以为在艾滋病毒流行率低的环境中开发针对性查工具提供信息.
通过PITC优化HTS对于控制艾滋病毒流行病的进展至关重要.

关键词:

客户的特点客户的特点艾滋病毒检测艾滋病毒检测积极性的积极性提供商启动测试.

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