关于怀孕和哺乳期大麻使用的医院实践的变化
Amy C Blake1, Margaret G Parker2, Laura S Madore1
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School-Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.
概括
对暴露于大麻 (MJ) 的哺乳新生儿的医院实践在州MJ法律的基础上有很大差异. 需要更明确的指导方针,以对围产期MJ暴露进行一致的护理和教育.
科学领域:
- 围产期健康 围产期健康
- 新生儿护理 新生儿护理
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 关于胎儿和新生儿接触大麻 (MJ) 的安全性,证据有限.
- 当前关于MJ在怀孕期间和产后暴露的专业指南不一致.
- 对暴露于MJ的新生儿使用母乳 (MOM) 的医院实践没有充分记录.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查美国医院实践的变化,关于使用母乳 (MOM) 经过周产期大麻 (MJ) 暴露后.
- 评估医院的位置和州司法部的法律地位如何影响这些做法.
- 确定与母亲使用MJ相关的医院政策和临床实践中的差异.
主要方法:
- 从2021年11月到2022年4月,向美国围产期医疗保健工作者分发了一项横截面电子调查.
- 调查的回复是根据州MJ合法化状态进行分析的:娱乐 (REC),仅医疗 (MED) 和非法律 (NON).
- 包括来自50个州和华盛顿特区的2,683名受访者的数据.
主要成果:
- 在合法休MJ (REC) 和非合法MJ (NON) 州之间观察到医院政策和实践的显著差异.
- 在REC州的设施更有可能允许使用产后MJ的母亲使用MOM.
- REC州不太可能定期测试大麻素,政策在健康婴儿托儿所和NICU之间有所不同.
结论:
- 医院在对母亲MJ暴露的新生儿提供MOM的做法,根据州合法化状态和医院单位,差异很大.
- 需要专业组织对围产期MJ暴露的标准化指导方针,无论法律地位如何.
- 改进的指导方针可以提高护理的一致性和患者在怀孕期间和分娩后使用MJ的教育.
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