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发现中和SARS-CoV-2抗体,富含独特的抗原特异性B细胞集群

Stine Sofie Frank Lende^1,2, Nanna Møller Barnkob³, Randi Westh Hansen³

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.

|September 20, 2023

概括

新的治疗抗体对SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2) 非响应者至关重要. 研究人员从康复阶段的参与者中发现了强大的中和抗体,这些抗体对变种和体内有效.

科学领域:

免疫学和病毒学
治疗性抗体的发现

背景情况:

疫苗诱导的针对SARS-CoV-2的免疫力并不普遍有效,这使得一些人依赖于治疗方法.
病毒进化需要持续监测和开发新的治疗抗体,以克服耐药性突变.

研究的目的:

来自康复期个体的新型SARS-CoV-2中和抗体的识别和表征.
探索这些抗体作为严重COVID-19治疗药物的潜力,特别是在疫苗不响应者中.

主要方法:

来自15名康复参与者的SARS-CoV-2特异性B细胞的单细胞测序.
对455个单克隆抗体进行查,以检测它们与SARS-CoV-2变体结合以及病毒中和.
皮层组分和冷-EM结构分析以确定抗体结合部位.
在体内预防疗效研究.

主要成果:

鉴定出了一组为SARS-CoV-2中和抗体丰富的激活B细胞.
发现了两种强大的中和抗体,它们对主要的SARS-CoV-2变种产生了影响.
一个抗体证明了对SARS-CoV-1的交叉中和能力.
这两种已识别的抗体都在体内显示出预防性疗效.

结论:

该研究确定了针对SARS-CoV-2具有治疗潜力的广泛中和抗体.
这些抗体向重叠ACE2受体结合动机的表位.
产生这些抗体的B细胞的转录组特征可以指导未来的治疗抗体发现工作.

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