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儿童近视发作的全球风险因素分析:系统性审查和元分析
Mingkun Yu1, Yuanyuan Hu2,3,4, Mei Han5
1The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
PloS one
|September 20, 2023
概括
识别儿童近视风险因素对于有效预防至关重要. 关键因素包括遗传学,环境影响,如屏幕时间,以及生活方式选择,如减少户外活动,近视父母的女孩和孩子更容易受到影响.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 近视,或近视,是一个日益增长的全球健康问题,特别是在儿童中.
- 了解多方面的风险因素对于制定有针对性的预防和治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估与儿童近视发病率相关的危险因素.
- 为制定有效的近视预防和管理策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项系统性审查和对19项涉及3578名儿童的队列研究的元分析.
- 在八个数据库中搜索了研究风险因素与近视之间的关系的研究,没有语言限制.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度 (NOS) 评估偏差风险和使用GRADE评估的证据确定性.
主要成果:
- 风险因素的混合证据,有积极的和无效的发现.
- 女孩 (RR: 1.28 [1.22-1.35]) 和父母有近视史的孩子面临更高的风险.
- 增加户外时间 (RR:0.97 [0.95-0.98]) 和减少近工作时间 (RR:1.05 [1.02-1.07]) 与近视发病率的减少有关.
- 眼睛的参数,如轴长和折射误差,以及社会经济因素 (贫困国家的较高负担),都与此有关.
- 证据质量从中等到非常低不等.
结论:
- 儿童近视会受到遗传因素,环境因素 (如屏幕时间,学习习惯) 和生活方式 (如户外活动,营养) 的影响.
- 预防策略应考虑个体因素,如性别,父母近视和特定的眼睛指标.
- 促进有利于眼睛健康的生活方式对于儿童近视控制至关重要.
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