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区域大脑应变取决于头部旋转方向的依赖性

Tyler F Rooks¹, Jamie L Baisden¹, Narayan Yoganandan¹

¹Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.

Accident; analysis and prevention

|September 20, 2023

概括

自动化车辆碰撞模拟显示,处于位置外的乘客在各种旋转冲击下经历了显著的大脑应变,特别是在下丘脑,海马和中脑. 这些发现强调了需要更新的安全规定,以考虑非标准的姿势.

科学领域:

伤害的生物力学
自动化车辆安全自动化车辆安全
计算神经科学是一种计算神经科学.

背景情况:

目前关于车辆安全的联邦法规主要针对标准直立姿势中的正面和侧面冲击.
在自动驾驶车辆碰撞时,乘客的头部撞击位置和姿势通常是非标准的,造成独特的伤害风险.
现有的法规没有充分考虑在位置外的场景中脑损伤的生物力学.

研究的目的:

开发和利用一个解剖学准确的大脑有限元模型来评估各种头部旋转向量下的损伤指标.
在模拟碰撞事件期间,在非标准的乘客位置上参数性地确定大脑应变和受伤值.
研究旋转加速对全脑和区域大脑应变的影响.

主要方法:

使用了具有定义区域结构的解剖学准确的大脑有限元素模型.
该模型在主轴和组合旋转轴上经历了正弦角角加速脉冲 (12.5ms的5000rad/s2) .
计算了全脑和区域累积应变损伤量 (CSDM20) 和最大主应变 (MPS95) 的第95百分位.

主要成果:

侧向曲产生了最高的全脑CSDM20,而轴向旋转产生了最高的全脑MPS95.
区域CSDM20表现出对冲击方向的显著敏感性,斜曲和横向曲导致特定大脑区域的大量应变积累.
下丘脑,海马和中脑在应变积累方面表现出很高的变化 (CSDM20),尽管最大应变 (MPS95) 在不同区域和方向上更一致.

结论:

头部旋转显著影响大脑应变指标,不同大脑区域和冲击载体的敏感性各不相同.
该研究量化了区域大脑应激反应,确定了特定的脆弱区域,如下丘脑,海马和中脑.
这些发现强调了当前安全标准的局限性,以及需要先进的模型来评估非标准碰撞场景中的脑损伤.

关键词:

脑损伤是因为脑损伤.计算模型计算模型头部受伤头部受伤区域大脑反应的区域性反应

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