在COVID-19肺炎的临床严重程度类别具有不同的免疫学特征,通过机器学习促进风险分层
Laura Wiffen1, Leon Gerard D'Cruz1,2, Thomas Brown1
1Research and Innovation Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University National Health Service (NHS) Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in immunology
|September 21, 2023
概括
血清生物标志物可以帮助非专家对2019年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 患者进行分拣. 机器学习模型确定了预测COVID-19严重程度和患者恶化的关键生物标志物,有助于临床决策.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 机器学习在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 针对2019年新冠肺炎疾病 (COVID-19) 的临床分类对高级临床医生造成了巨大的负担.
- 使用血清生物标记生物分析的风险分层可以赋予更广泛的非专业劳动力.
研究的目的:
- 在COVID-19患者中调查不同的免疫指纹.
- 开发机器学习模型,用于临床分拣和预测COVID-19严重程度.
- 探索补充介导途径在COVID-19肺炎中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在72名COVID-19患者 (轻度,中度,重度) 和20名健康对照中,对76个免疫生物标志物的生物分析.
- 使用线性差异分析 (LDA) 和X梯度提升 (XGB) 机器学习模型进行患者分类和病情恶化的预测.
- 生物标志物对的斯皮尔曼相关性分析和热图可视化.
主要成果:
- LDA模型有效地区分了患者组和健康对照组,确定IL-27,IP-10,MDC,费里丁,C5和sC5b-9作为恶化的关键预测因素.
- 与健康对照人群相比,在所有COVID-19严重程度类别中观察到C3a和C5的升高水平.
- 在XGB模型中,sC5b-9,IL-8,MCP1和前热血素F1/F2被确定为 nomacopan 治疗患者的关键区分因子.
结论:
- 不同的血清生物标志物概况与COVID-19的严重程度相关,使得基于机器学习的分类和预后工具的开发成为可能.
- 补充介导的肺损伤与COVID-19肺炎有关.
- 初步发现表明C5抑制剂在COVID-19恢复过程中具有潜在的治疗益处.
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