衰老对语音和歌唱神经处理产生不同影响
Nella Moisseinen1, Teppo Särkämö1, Jaakko Kauramäki1
1Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and the Brain, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|September 21, 2023
概括
大脑衰老会对说话和唱歌产生不同的影响. 与语音网络相比,歌唱网络显示出明显的功能重组,特别是高认知需求,为沟通和康复提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 健康的大脑衰老至关重要,因为增加了寿命和与年龄有关的神经系统疾病.
- 正常的大脑衰老涉及语音处理重组,包括减少半球不对称和前额外过度激活.
- 对于这些与年龄相关的变化如何影响唱歌和认知需求的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 在整个成年期系统地绘制声产 (言语与唱歌) 的神经相关物.
- 研究不同认知需求 (重复,记忆完成,即兴) 对与年龄相关的神经变化的影响.
- 在衰老过程中比较语音和歌唱网络中的功能重组模式.
主要方法:
- 横截面功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 研究.
- 参与者:100名成年人,年龄在21-88岁之间.
- 设计:2×3因数 (模式:演讲/唱歌;认知需求:重复/完成/即兴).
主要成果:
- 语音产生:老化与左侧前/后中心激活减少和右侧形/形激活在即兴表演期间增加有关.
- 唱歌的生产:老龄化与在记忆完成过程中中增加的中间/双侧前额前额和侧激活有关.
- 对比分析:演讲显示出与年龄相关的激活变化比唱歌更大,特别是在即兴表演中从左到右的前额部转移.
结论:
- 与语音网络相比,大脑的歌唱网络随着年龄的增长而以不同的方式重组,特别是在高执行负载下.
- 这些发现有助于了解衰老对声乐产生的影响,以及歌唱在沟通和康复中的作用.
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