熟练和不熟练的运动员在各种负载下进行动力清洁运动时肌肉协同作用的差异
Nadaka Hakariya1, Benio Kibushi2, Junichi Okada3
1Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
Journal of sports sciences
|September 21, 2023
概括
经验丰富的举重运动员在双膝曲 (DKB) 过程中表现出独特的肌肉激活模式,在90%的功率清洁中,最大一次重复 (1RM). 这种增强的关节硬性可能有助于最大限度地减少减重,这表明非技术人员的潜在学习途径.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 体育表现 体育表现 体育表现
背景情况:
- 肌肉协同作用对于复杂的运动任务,如动力清洁,至关重要.
- 了解熟练和不熟练的个人之间的差异可以为培训策略提供信息.
- 负载条件显著影响神经肌肉控制和运动执行.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究动力学和肌肉协同作用在动力清洁执行中的差异.
- 为了在不同的负载中比较熟练和不熟练的起重者之间的肌肉激活模式.
- 分析双膝曲 (DKB) 机动在动力清洁性能中的作用.
主要方法:
- 19名参与者 (10名熟练,9名未熟练) 在一次重复最大 (1RM) 的60-90%的速度进行了动力清洗.
- 电肌图测量了12个肌肉;分析了垂直冲动和双膝曲 (DKB).
- 非负矩阵因子化 (NMF) 提取的肌肉协同作用及其权重.
主要成果:
- 两组人都表现出三个具有相似功能作用的肌肉协同作用 (拉动,过渡,DKB).
- 在60-80%的1RM时没有发现显著差异.
- 在90%的1RM时,熟练的起重者在DKB (协同作用3) 期间显示出脚足底 flexors和膝盖延伸器的更大激活,可能会增加关节硬度.
结论:
- 熟练的动力清洁性能包括在最大负载下在DKB期间增强关节刚性.
- 这种增加的刚度可以优化减重阶段,有助于提高提升效率.
- 不熟练的人可能会发展出类似的肌肉协同作用,以提高他们的举重能力.
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