微生物和植物衍生的碳在地表和地底的驱动因素
Weigen Huang1,2, Yakov Kuzyakov3,4, Shuli Niu5
1State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Global change biology
|September 21, 2023
概括
土壤有机物 (SOM) 组成取决于植物和微生物碳来源. 表面土壤通过微生物过程稳定植物碳,而地下土壤的保存受到微生物社区结构和粘土含量的影响.
科学领域:
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 有机物质动力学 有机物质动力学
背景情况:
- 土壤有机物 (SOM) 对于土壤的健康,肥力和碳封存至关重要.
- SOM的组成是由植物和微生物衍生的碳 (C) 的比率决定的.
- 了解控制植物和微生物对SOM的C贡献的因素是必不可少的,但并未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 调查植物和微生物C对SOM在土壤轮 (0-100厘米) 的贡献.
- 确定调节微生物衍生的C与植物衍生的C (CM:P) 在地表和地下的比例的关键因素.
- 将区域范围的抽样与元分析结合起来,以获得有关SOM组成和稳定性的可靠发现.
主要方法:
- 使用核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱和生物标志物分析.
- 在三个土壤类型中进行了区域范围的土壤采样.
- 一个元分析与区域研究数据相结合.
主要成果:
- 上层土壤 (0-40厘米) 的碳水化合物和素度较高,而地下 (40-100厘米) 的蛋白质和脂质更丰富.
- 植物C的比例随着SOM含量的增加而增加,而微生物C的比例则下降.
- 微生物衍生的C与植物衍生的C (CM:P) 的比率在上层土壤中的SOM下降的速度比在地下更快.
- 表面土壤具有显著的潜力,可以通过微生物转化和死体形成来稳定植物衍生C.
- 植物C的投入和平均年土壤温度是土壤表层C的关键驱动因素.
- 菌与细菌的比率和粘土含量是地下CM:P的主要调节者.
结论:
- 植物垃圾对微生物死体和SOM有很大的贡献,深度高达1米.
- 不同的因素决定了植物和微生物碳在地表土壤和地下土壤中的长期保存.
- 研究结果阐明了SOM稳定机制,并为土壤管理策略提供了见解.
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