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相关概念视频

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Cognitive Therapy01:25

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Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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Julian Rotter introduced the concept of locus of control, a cognitive factor that significantly influences personality development and learning. Locus of control refers to an individual's beliefs about the extent of control they have over events in their lives. According to Rotter, this belief system can be categorized into two types: internal and external locus of control.
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People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
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Raymond Cattell's trait theory offers a structured framework for understanding personality by distinguishing between two critical traits: surface and source traits. Surface traits are observable patterns of behavior, such as indecisiveness, anxiety, and irrational fears. These traits are less stable, varying across situations and over time. This means that they are less helpful in understanding the deeper aspects of an individual's personality.
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Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
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自杀想法可控性 (CoST) 尺度:发展,因子结构和初始验证.

Brianna Meddaoui1, Bianca C Iddiols1, Erin A Kaufman1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario.

Psychological assessment
|September 21, 2023
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了自杀念头可控性 (CoST) 尺度,以衡量对自杀念头的感知控制. 科斯特尺度表现出可靠性和有效性,有助于自杀研究.

科学领域:

  • 心理学 心理学 心理学
  • 临床心理学 临床心理学
  • 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量

背景情况:

  • 自杀念头 (SI) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
  • 对自杀念头的感知控制是理解自杀风险的潜在重要因素.
  • 此前,缺乏对自杀想法感知控制的验证测量工具.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和验证一个简短的自我报告工具,自杀念头可控性 (CoST) 尺度.
  • 评估COST尺度的心理测量属性和因子结构.

主要方法:

  • 进行了两项在线研究,采用方便样本 (N=244和N=206).
  • 使用探索性和确认性因子分析来确定尺度的结构.
  • 评估了包括内部一致性,测试-重新测试可靠性和构造有效性在内的心理测量特性.

主要成果:

  • 在这两项研究中,因子分析显示了两项研究中COST尺度的一致的两因素结构.
  • CoST得分与SI严重程度,自我效能,应对策略,绝望,控制位置和情绪失调等措施有显著的关联.
  • CoST尺度表现出高的内部一致性 (ω = .92) 和良好的测试-重新测试可靠性.

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结论:

  • 自杀念头可控度 (CoST) 是一个可靠和有效的衡量标准.
  • CoST 尺度为推进自杀相关认知研究提供了一个有前途的工具.
  • 研究结果表明,COST尺度可能有助于预测与自杀相关的结果和理解风险.