来自COVID-19大流行的见解:发展援助委员会国家的援助分配趋势,2011-2021年
Shuhei Nomura1,2,3,4, Cyrus Ghaznavi1,5, Kazuki Shimizu3,6
1Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
Global health action
|September 21, 2023
概括
官方发展援助 (ODA) 由于COVID-19对可持续发展目标 (SDGs) 的影响而发生变化. 医疗援助增加,但其他部门,如人道主义援助,出现下降,需要重新评估援助目标.
科学领域:
- 发展经济学 发展经济学
- 全球卫生政策 全球卫生政策
- 国际关系 国际关系
背景情况:
- 官方发展援助 (ODA) 对低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的可持续发展至关重要.
- 随着COVID-19大流行,官方发展援助 (ODA) 的分配受到干扰,这对实现可持续发展目标 (SDGs) 构成了挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析COVID-19大流行对发展援助委员会 (DAC) 成员国家的官方发展援助 (ODA) 拨款的影响.
- 提供关于国际援助不断变化的情景及其对LMICs的影响的见解.
主要方法:
- 从DAC成员国向LMIC (2011-2021) 支付ODA总支付数据的线性回归分析.
- 评估官方援助金额的变化,官方援助金额与国民收入的比率,部门分配,以及双边与多边援助的变化.
- 运用经合组织的方法来计算非专业机构的多边官方援助.
主要成果:
- 从2011年到2021年,ODA总额增加,ODA/GNI比率在流行病前下降,在流行病后增加.
- 疫情后,卫生部门获得了最大的援助份额,双边和多边资金增加.
- 人道主义援助,水和环境卫生,能源等部门的援助有显著下降.
结论:
- 达克成员应重新评估援助目标,增加财政承诺以支持可持续发展目标.
- 虽然医疗援助至关重要,但其他关键部门需要持续关注,以减轻与大流行有关的挫折.
- 更好地了解援助分配动态可以提高援助的有效性,以实现受援国转型性发展成果.
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