家庭燃料和胆囊癌风险:印度的一项多中心病例控制研究
Krithiga Shridhar1,2, Manigreeva Krishnatreya3, Ranjit Kumar4,5
1Centre for Chronic Disease Control, C1/52, 2nd Floor, Safdarjung Development Area, New Delhi, 110016, India. krithiga@ccdcindia.org.
生物质燃料的使用显著增加了胆囊癌的风险,特别是在女性中. 切换到清洁的燃料和采用健康的饮食可以帮助减轻这种风险.
科学领域:
- 消化瘤学 消化瘤学
- 环境流行病学环境流行病学
- 癌症病因 癌症病因学
背景情况:
- 胆囊癌 (GBC) 是一种具有有限已知的风险因素的致命消化系统恶性瘤,在特定地区不成比例地影响女性.
- 家庭燃料的使用是GBC的潜在,但尚未研究的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查家庭燃料与GBC风险之间的关联.
- 探索潜在的调解因素,包括饮食,通风,暴露时间和平价.
主要方法:
- 一项基于医院的病例控制研究在印度阿萨姆邦和比哈尔邦 (2019-2021) 进行.
- 通过活检确认的GBC病例 (n=214) 和年龄在30-69岁之间的对照 (n=166) 被招募并进行频率匹配.
- 多变量后勤回归分析评估了燃料类型与GBC风险之间的关联,控制了混因素.
主要成果:
- 参与者根据主要的燃料使用情况进行分类:仅使用液化天然气 (26.15%),液化天然气与并发生物质 (15.9%) 和生物质≥20年 (57.95%).
- 与仅使用LPG相比,生物质燃料的使用 (同时或长期) 与GBC风险翻倍相关 (OR:分别为2.02和2.01;p趋势:0.020).
- 这种关联在女性中更强烈,并且因高水果和蔬菜摄入量而部分减弱.
结论:
- 生物质燃料燃烧是胆囊癌的重要危险因素.
- 过渡到清洁的燃料代表了一个可修改的策略,以减少GBC发病率.
- 饮食修改,特别是增加水果和蔬菜消费,可能会为女性提供部分风险降低.
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