卡波西肉瘤发病率的全球模式和趋势:基于人口的研究
Leiwen Fu1, Tian Tian1, Bingyi Wang1
1School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
The Lancet. Global health
|September 21, 2023
概括
卡波西肉瘤是艾滋病毒感染者常见的一种癌症,其全球发病率和死亡率显著,特别是在非洲. 解决医疗保健差异和改善艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗是预防的关键.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 卡波西肉瘤 (KS) 是一种罕见的瘤,但在艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中是主要的癌症.
- 它构成了重大的公共卫生挑战,特别是在艾滋病毒负担较高的地区.
- 了解KS负担的全球模式和趋势至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述卡波西肉瘤负担的全球模式和全人口趋势.
- 分析2020年来自185个国家的发病率和死亡率数据.
- 评估时间趋势和与人类发展指数 (HDI) 的相关性.
主要方法:
- 利用GLOBOCAN 2020数据库来估计2020年的发病率和死亡率.
- 分析了癌症注册数据 (1998-2012) 用结点回归来发现发病率趋势.
- 使用相关性分析来评估KS率与HDI之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在2020年,全球年龄标准化发病率 (ASIR) 为0.39/100,000,有34270例病例和15086例死亡 (ASMR 0.18/100,000).
- 非洲占发病率的73.0%,死亡率的86.6%.
- 在KS率 (ASIR/ASMR) 和人类发育指数之间发现了显著的相关性;在土耳其和荷兰发病率增加,而在其他几个地区下降.
结论:
- 卡波西肉瘤虽然在全球范围内很少见,但在非洲部分地区是特有的.
- 解决医疗保健资源分配差异和加强艾滋病毒/艾滋病护理对于在不同 HDI 级别的 KS 预防至关重要.
相关概念视频
Prevalence and Incidence
619
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
619
Kaplan-Meier Approach
178
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a non-parametric method used to estimate the survival function from time-to-event data. In medical research, it is frequently employed to measure the proportion of patients surviving for a certain period after treatment. This estimator is fundamental in analyzing time-to-event data, making it indispensable in clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and reliability engineering. By estimating survival probabilities, researchers can evaluate treatment effectiveness,...
178
Cancer Survival Analysis
380
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
380
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.1K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.1K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
13.6K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
13.6K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
339
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
339


