景观结构影响大米农业生态系统中的自然害虫抑制
M P Ali1, Gemma Clemente-Orta2, M M M Kabir3
1Entomology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh. panna_ali@yahoo.com.
Scientific reports
|September 22, 2023
概括
促进带有休土地的多样化农业景观可以加强大米田的天然害虫防治. 这种方法支持像蝶甲虫这样的有益昆虫,减少棕色虫的害虫,增加大米产量.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 农业景观是动态的,受农业实践和环境变化的影响.
- 景观结构对自然害虫防治,农药使用和生物多样性保护都有影响.
- 景观结构在水农业生态系统的自然敌人动态和害虫抑制中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查景观的构成和配置如何影响棕色植物 (Nilaparvata lugens),一个关键的水害虫.
- 评估景观因素对自然敌人的影响,草食动物抑制和大米谷物产量.
- 评估水农业生态系统中生物控制服务的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用棕色的植物 (Nilaparvata lugens) 作为哨兵猎物,与掠食者排除实验一起进行.
- 在孟加拉国,分析了对自然敌人的景观影响 (虫,蜘蛛) 和在多个空间尺度上抑制害虫.
- 量化了大米谷物产量,并使用生物控制服务指数来评估景观影响.
主要成果:
- 雀甲虫和蜘蛛是尼拉帕尔瓦塔虫的主要自然敌人.
- 蝶甲虫的丰富程度受到了景观特征的影响,例如道路边缘和所有尺度上的地.
- 捕食者排除增加了Nilaparvata lugens种群,降低了大米谷的产量;景观多样性与生物控制服务有积极的相关性.
结论:
- 景观多样性,特别是促进地和碎片化地块,增强了大米农业生态系统的天然害虫抑制.
- 通过优化景观结构,可以制定可持续的昆虫害虫管理策略.
- 这些发现表明,通过基于景观的干预措施,可以减少预防性杀虫剂的使用.
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