2006年至2018年间女性中风:人口,社会经济和年龄差异
Molly M Jacobs1, Charles Ellis2
1Department of Health Services Research, Management & Policy, College of Public Health & Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Women's health (London, England)
|September 22, 2023
概括
黑人女性面临更高的中风风险,特别是在低收入群体. 除了健康状况之外的无法解释的因素可能会导致中风结果中的这些种族差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 与其他种族群体相比,黑人美国人患中风和相关死亡率不成比例地高.
- 现有的研究往往将这些差异归因于生活方式和血管风险因素,忽视了社会经济地位.
- 在中风的结果中,种族差异在女性中比男性更明显.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同年龄和社会经济群体中风风险因素.
- 确定伴随性疾病是否足够解释所有收入水平和年龄段中风现有的种族差异.
- 分析社会经济地位对种族和中风风险之间的关系的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了2006-2018年国家健康访谈调查数据.
- 对全样本 (18-85岁) 和年轻部分样本 (18-59岁) 的女性进行了统计分析.
- 采用后勤和无条件定量回归模型来评估跨社会经济层次的中风风险因素.
主要成果:
- 与白人女性相比,黑人女性中风的可能性高出1.415倍,即使控制了已知的因素.
- 在高收入阶层中,中风风险的种族差异并不显著.
- 在低收入和中等收入四分之一的黑人中观察到明显更高的中风几率,在年轻女性中观察到更大的差异.
结论:
- 伴随性疾病与中风有很强的联系,但并不能完全解释低收入阶段的黑人女性中风风险的增加.
- 这些发现表明,未观察到的因素,可能包括系统性种族主义和制度偏见,可能会对中风的种族差异产生重大影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定和解决这些持续的健康不平等的根本原因.
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